Insulation for sealing pipe penetrations and valves:

• Jackets
• Boxes
• Composites
• Expanding materials

Jackets

Valve Box

Methods for sealing pipe penetrations

There are 2 main methods for sealing pipe penetrations:

• Method that requires filling of voids between pipe and sleeve
• Method that does not require filling of the void

The method that will be used shall have been tested and approved by an independent laboratory. The method shall be certified. It is important that the inspector is familiarized with all the details the certificate and especially, any limitations.

The certificate shall describe:

• Which fire classes are included in the certification
• Geometrical and dimension limitations

The certificate will describe if additional insulation is required on the pipe, or there are specific requirements to any fire classes.

Nofirno/CER -pipe penetrations

• Consists of filler sleeves in rubber material that are mounted between the sleeve and pipes. Universal material that is used on "all dimensions" without the need to measure or ordering specific dimensions. Only need to have enough material (sleeves)
• The length of the filler sleeves are:
  • A-divisions = 140 mm (cable penetration)
  • H-division = 210 mm (pipe penetration)
• In addition, 20 mm sealing should be mounted on both sides of the penetration. This requires that the total length of the sleeve is minimum 180 or 250 mm. The solution can be mounted from one side using formwork.

The solution has been tested and documented for the classes

• A0 - A60 and H0 - H120
• Nofirno has limitations regarding operating temperature, installation temperature limitations and with pipe dimension and distance between sleeve and pipe.
• Not inspection friendly
• The system does not adsorb moisture

Rise

• Consists of rubber material filler sleeves mounted between sleeve and tube
• Before installing filler sleeves, a rubber mat must be installed around the pipe. In the event of a fire, the temperature will increase to above 200 °C and an expansion process will start

• In case of a complete expansion, the filler sleeves fill up the area between the sleeve and pipes, avoiding the fire to spread.
• The length of the sleeve fillers is:
  • A-division = 140 mm
  • H-division = 210 mm
• In addition, 20 mm sealing shall be installed on both sides of the penetration. This requires that the total length of the sleeve is minimum 180 or 250 mm
• The solution can be mounted from one side using formwork
• The solution has been tested and documented for the classes:
  • A0 - A60 and H0 - H120
• Nofirno has limitations regarding operating temperature, installation temperature limitations and with pipe dimension and distance between sleeve and pipe.
• Not inspection friendly
• The system does not adsorb moisture

Mounting of Rise/Norfino

Lambda PPS Penetration Seal

• Approved and certified for A and H penetrations
• The solution is inspection-friendly since it can easily be disassembled
• Can be installed on only one side (exposed/unexposed depending on fire class)
• Quick and easy installation makes it cost effective
• Ordered and produced to required dimensions
• In areas exposed to mechanical stresses, a mechanical protection should additionally be installed

Trelleborg HPT Seal

• Penetration Seal solution approved for all fire classes
• The solution is inspection friendly as it can easily be disassembled
• Can be installed on only one side (exposed/unexposed depending on fire class)
• Quick and easy installation
• Cost-effective
• In areas exposed to mechanical stresses, a mechanical protection should additionally be installed

Studsvik Foam (Fireseal FS-03)

• Two-component foam for sealing penetrations
• Assembly is carried out using machine for mixing and filling of foam
• Foam expands to fill voids between sleeve and tube
• At ambient temperature 0°C, the expansion process stops, and the product cannot be used
• Solution requires formwork at the bottom
• Work on deck penetrations requires scaffolding
• Outer covering consists of a fiber cloth that is coated or with application of a two-component sealer

Requirements for penetrations

• Penetrations in fire cells shall not reduce the integrity, stability or temperature limitations of the cell wall
• Penetration seals shall be tested for compliance with IMO Res. A.754 (18)
• Thermal exposure shall be in accordance with ISO 834-1/NS EN 1363-1
• Sealing material for the penetration shall be tested for compliance with IMO Resolution A 653

Aluminium foil

• Pure aluminium foil will protect and distribute heat on heat tracing cables
• Minimum thickness is 0,05 mm
• If there is a requirement for more layers of insulation due to high temperature above 200°C, then the aluminium foil shall be installed outside the first layer of insulation
• Minimums thickness is 0,2 mm

Some type of segments (FEF) can make cable protector unnecessary, e.g. End Cap Gasket

Typically teflon holders, rubber bands, corrugated aluminium bands are used. Rubber holders are used for Foamglas.

Sealant and sealant tape shall permanently be flexible for the relevant temperature range. Furthermore, the material shall have the ability to withstand repeated stretches and pressure stresses. The sealant must be free of acetic acid since it can disturb the gas detectors.

• Silicone sealant
• The most common type of sealant used for cladding
• Temperature limitations
• At high temperature, special sealant must be used (red)

• Insulation classes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 require drainage holes of at least 10 mm diameter, at all lower areas and with 3 meter center distance between the drainage holes on horizontal stretches. The drainage hole shall penetrate the entire insulation system and completely towards the pipe. Class 2 shall not have drainage holes, due to the creation of cold thermal bridge (ice plug).

• For insulation class 9, drainage holes are only used when there is a risk of condensation on the pipe.

• When making drainage holes after the insulation system has been installed, necessary precautions must be taken to avoid damaging the surface treatment and any heating tracing cables on the pipe.

• Class 5 drainage holes shall have been fire tested.

Storm bands (if SS 316 quality is used for cladding material, then the fastening material shall be of the same material to avoid galvanic corrosion).

Similarly, aluminium fastening material shall be used if the cladding material is aluminium.

Fastening and accessories for insulation materials

• Material: SS316/Aluminium
• Uses: Fastening of insulation material and external weather protection
• Dimension example: 13 x 0,5 mm, 19 x 0,5 mm

Fastening wire

• Material: SS316/aluminium/galvanised steel wire
• Uses: fastening of mineral wool
• Sewing wired mats
• Dimension: approximately 1 mm

Note! Steel wire shall not be used for mounting Cellular glass, PIR and PUR (it will cut into the insulation material when the wire is tightened)

Wire mat hooks

• Material: SS316/aluminium/galvanised hooks
• Uses: Fastening or extending wired mats

Fastening tape

• Material: Glass fiber reinforced synthetic tape
• Uses: Fastening of insulation material
• Dimension: Width x thickness: 15 mm x 1,4 mm (can also be supplied in other dimensions, e.g. 12, 19, 25 or 50 mm glass fiber tape)
• Fastening strength: 200 gr./25 mm
• Temperature range: - 15°C to 40°C

For mounting cladding, self-tapping screws or rivets are used. It is important to apply the same material to metallic weather protection and fastening material. Normally, SS 316 quality is used. At some facilities in Norway, gavanized cladding is used. In these cases, the same quality of the fastening material must be used

There are various products used for vapor barrier for cold insulation. The most common one used is an aluminum-polyester type. It has shown good adhesion, sealing and strength when using:

• Aluminium/polyester tape
• For fixing vapor barrier foil on insulation and as a vapor barrier on bends etc. in connection with cold insulation
• The foil consists of:
  • 12 μm polyester film
  • 25 μm aluminium film
  • 12 μm polyester film
• Adhesive layer: Polyacrylate
• Total thickness excusive adhesive layer > 50 μm
• Temperature range: -45°C to 120°C

There are other products, so-called mastics based on latex, bitumen, elastomers or butyl rubber. The vast majority of these products are based on a temperature between minus 30/50 to minus 80/120. It is important that one knows the relevant temperatures on pipes/tanks for cold insulation, before selecting a vapor barrier.